International marketing (report 1) Research Paper

International marketing (report 1) - Research Paper Example According to study in Australia website, most of the Australian population live in the narrow, fertile eastern coastal plain, and on the southeastern coast, which is favourable for surfing (â€Å"Study in Australia† web). In addition, warm beaches in Australia attract surfing sporting activities. Surfing activity has certain geographical requirements. First, as much as surfers have to acquire skills to enable them ride on the waves, it is required of them to have background knowledge on the topology of the place. That is the topography or service features present on the beach. In addition, they must be good swimmers and be apt to the changing weather. Australian beaches have a considerable topology and depth that allow surfing. Secondly, Surfers seek out for strong waves called swells, which are stable waves that form far away from the beach. A surfer must calculate his moves well not to fall into the rocks as the wave breaks. Wind strength and fetch determines the strength of a swell. A fetch is a geographical term that predicts the stretch of open water over which the wind is blowing. Australian beaches have great fetches where water blows before reaching the land or the rocks. Additionally, reefs, sand bars, and narrow wave bases on the Australian beaches support this sor ting activity especially for experienced surfers. It is dangerous for inexperienced surfers who risk being crashed upon a rock, reef, or being dumped far beneath the surface. At the coasts of Australia, the government has employed some game warders to enforce some coastal laws. Some of the laws related to surfboards include those restricting minors from operating minor watercraft. Persons under 14 years are restricted from using watercrafts. Each person surfing or under a watercraft is required to wear a stipulated coast guard protective devices like a life jacket. That is each surfer has to wear a life jacket

Catholic Social Teaching Essay Example for Free

Catholic Social Teaching Essay * is a body of doctrine developed by the Catholic Church on matters of poverty and wealth, economics, social organization and the role of the state. Its foundations are widely considered to have been laid by Pope Leo XIIIs 1891 encyclical letter Rerum Novarum, which advocated economic Distributism and condemned both Capitalism and Socialism, although its roots can be traced to the writings of Catholic thinkers such as St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine of Hippo, and is also derived from concepts present in the Bible. * The Catholic Social Teaching has two basic characteristics, namely, being permanent and developing. * Permanent -Since the teachings are based on the Gospel, they offer a permanent complex idea to be pursued in the ever changing historical conditions and ways. These teachings can never go out of date in their fundamentals. Examples of these permanent teachings are exemplified in the following principles: 1. Human dignity and Solidarity 2. Social justice and Christian love 3. Active non-violence and peace 4. Preferential option for the poor 5. Value of human work 6. Universal destinations of all goods of the earth 7. Stewardship and the integrity of creation 8. People empowerment 9. Authentic and holistic (integral) human development * Developing -The fundamentals of Church Social Teaching make up the steadily growing collection of the Church’s social principles that must be creatively applied to and renewed in ever changing concrete situations of various events, cultures, and human needs in the historical process. Deeper insights into permanent values develop as the Church reads the signs of the times. * Methods and Sources 1. Scripture. The authoritative books which record the Jewish and Christian   experiences of God’s self-disclosure. Scripture reveals who God is and who we are called to be in response to God. Interpretation of Scripture requires attention to historical context and is best done in community. 2. Tradition: the ways of thinking and living that are â€Å"handed over† (traditio) from one generation to the next; an ongoing conversation across the ages about our most important questions. Also the body of theological reflection and the ways of putting this reflection into practice that are â€Å"handed over† (traditio) from one generation to the next. Magisterium: official teaching office of church and authoritative voice of tradition. While theologians, activists, and ordinary Catholics make contribute to this body of theological reflection in important ways, a privileged source of Catholic tradition is the magisterium or the official, authoritative teaching office of the church. This official teaching office is exercised by Catholic Bishops, and in particular the Bishop of Rome (the Pope), as well as groups appointed by the Pope. This teaching is expressed in the form of a) papal encyclicals; b) encyclicals of Church Councils (such as Vatican II) or Synods of Bishops, c) statements by Vatican offices, congregations, and commissions; d) Episcopal conferences (regional meetings of Bishops, such as the National Conference of Catholic Bishops in the United States). 3. Reason. The natural human capacity to know truth. The way we interpret and understand Scripture, Tradition, and experience. * Reason as Natural Law The preeminent form of reasoning for much of Catholic tradition has been natural law reasoning. To understand Catholic natural law reasoning, one must get inside a whole worldview, culture, and language within Catholic tradition. Natural law holds that God’s intentions are expressed in the order that God â€Å"built into creation.† This order takes the form of â€Å"natures† or intelligible patterns of being. Humans are capable of knowing this order by reflecting upon creation. As humans we must first recognize our nature and act according to it so as to fulfill our created nature. For example, humans by nature (or by creation) have a â€Å"built in† instinct for self-preservation. Aquinas argues that to use appropriately limited violence in self-defense is good because it is to act according to our God-given nature. (God’s creation is good). * Four Levels of Law St. Thomas Aquinas defines law is â€Å"an ordering of reason† (ordinatio rationis) or the most important way that reason rules or measures actions. He describes four levels of law: a. Eternal Law: the mind (ratio) of God which orders and governs creation b. Divine Law: the explicit revelation of the mind of God in Scripture c. Natural Law: the expression of the mind of God in the order that God has built into creation. This order takes the form of natures or patterns of being that humans can know by using their reason to reflect on creation. For example, because humans by nature (or creation) have a built in instinct for self-preservation, limited self-defense is in accord with our God-given nature. See Romans 2:14-15 d. Human Law: human attempts to formulate laws that reflect the natural law. * Two Interpretations of Human Nature There have been two major strains of interpretation of human nature: a) â€Å"nature as physical†Ã¢â‚¬â€humans must respect their biological â€Å"givenness† or the physical order (ex. artificial contraception interferes with the natural order of sexual intercourse whereas the rhythm method respects this order.) b) â€Å"nature as rational†Ã¢â‚¬â€humans must act in accord with reason; they must seek to discover and fulfill their fullest purpose. Biology does not trump other cues in discovering â€Å"nature.† Instead, we must look to all sources of human wisdom in order to discover how things are meant to be. The pope reasons that the purpose of property is for the good of all creation but a limited right to private property is consistent with human dignity and human wisdom about how well people take care of common property. 4. Experience. Our encounter with the world both past and present. Christian tradition privileges the experience of those at the margins of society—the poor and the oppressed. In Catholic social thought experience is enriched and expanded by a four step process of interpretation and reflection which I will call â€Å"the interpretive circle†. a. experience: insert yourself into a situation, see what is going on, and gather necessary information b. social analysis: â€Å"What are the structural or â€Å"root† causes of injustices?† â€Å"What are the patterns of action that reinforce these injustices?† c. theological reflection: â€Å"What light does faith, especially as expressed in Scripture and Catholic social teaching, shed upon our experience and social analysis?† â€Å"Where is God in this situation and how might we respond to God’s call to us?† d. practical planning: â€Å"What are the most faithful, creative, and effective ways of acting upon the first three steps?† * How does Catholic tradition use these four sources? 1. They serve as checks and balances to each other. Each should inform and complement the other in critical dialogue. 2. â€Å"Reason informed by faith.† Reason and faith penetrate each other and form a unified way of approaching problems. Scripture and Christian Tradition provide the overall story, worldview, and values that serve as the framework for moral reasoning.

Reckitt Benckiser entering a new (Non-EU) market

Reckitt Benckiser entering a new (Non-EU) market The company manufactures household, personal and consumer healthcare products. Such as Dettol anti-septic, Veet, Strepsils, Airwick, Vanish etc. In 1823, Johann A. Benckiser founded Benckiser chemical industry. Later in 1940, the company was rented by Issac Reckitt. He also bought a starch mill in Hull and diversified into household products renowned for starch washing blue and black lead for shoe polishing. Since 1913 till 2009, RB has come across through diversification and joint venturing in Australia and USA. RBs mission and objectives. The mission of RB highlights both purpose and its value. Which include- To delivers better solutions in household, health and personal care to consumers. To do constant innovation. Deliver fast-acting solutions that help make life easier. The objectives of RB is to generate growth by expanding globally and produce powerful and durable brands. RBs marketing characteristics. Reckitt Benckisers marketing flair is for the consumer. Each product has its own portfolio. The key role for marketing in global is the priority to 19 branded products. RB is consistantly developing and delivering the innovated pipelines and maximising international brand equality. RBs three main strategic pillars of marketing are: innovation, brand equity and developing products for global use. RB has become NO.1 amongst the market competition in the UK. And is continuously backing up its core brands. RB is operating over 60 countries and sells its brand across worldwide. RBs brands are divided into 6 categories: surface care, e.g: Cillit Bang,Harpic,Woolite, Amphyl. fabric care, e.g: Vanish, Calgon. dishwashing, e.g: Finish, Electrasol, Fairy. home care, e.g: Lysol, Air Wick. health and personal care, e.g: Dettol, Clearasil, Veet, Scholl, Nurofen, Gaviscon, Strepsils, Bonjela, Aerogard, Mucinex, Mortein. food. e.g: Kit Kat, Red hot, Butter original. RBS Sale Performance. RB performed beyond its expectations even in the critical economic climate in 2009. In 2000,the companys net revenue doubled and quadrupled market capitalisation. The shareholders recieved approx. 200% against a market average of 22% over the past 5 years. RB is one of the league in terms of its production innovation. The company gained almost 40% of revenue through its innovations during the last 3 years. RB is consistently working on its margins and looking forward to manage its costs. And targets to turn an average sales growth of 7% into 17% profit over the next 5 years. RBs future success relies on the commercial drive, and ambition of its employees. RBs major competitors in the UK are Procter and Gamble (PG), which holds the revenue of $79bn for the year 2009. And Unilever, with revenue of $41bn in 2008. In 2008, despite pricing pressure and raw material price inflation, RB has balanced its revenue growth by reducing costs that helped in rise in its operating margins by 0.8% to 23.4%. The company re-invented its container for Vanish brand to use 70% less plastic than original big tub. Marketing goals objectives. To expand. To promote its powerful brands worldwide. To achieve global market leadership. Market Penetration and Market Expansion. Achieving High Gross Margins. New Product Development and Entrepreneurship. International Market planning. Market research is a vital to decision making process in marketing plan. The research include the best opportunities for investment in the market. The political, financial, cultural, legal and regulatory, competitors, consumers need to be taken into account that effects the business. Due to a lot of competition in UK and in order to gain maximum profit, RB has intentions to promote its 19 powerful brands to international market. Internal External analysis of RB. The internal analysis defines the key features of the company. The areas in consideration to analyze are: Resource capabilities, Configuration and coordination of activities, Company performance, Structure of company and characteristics of its culture. The figure describes; Stars as RBs products which have the high share in the growing market. When the market slows down, these products become the cash flows. And when the market shares are lost and it stops growing, they become Dogs. Cash cows are the products of high market share in low growing market. These products usually defend Reckitt Benckisers competitors. Dogs define the products of low market share in low growing market. These products are usually not profitable. Question Marks are the dilemma creating products. If market shares stays continues low, these products becomes Dogs. External Analysis: It normally relates to the opportunity and threats existing in environment. The areas to analyse that effects the company are: Customers, Competitors, Culture and company performance, Market size and growth, Environment in which the company operates. Political Factors. As every government have its own business policies in the country of origin. This factor follows the formal and informal regulations influencing the business. The political issues can rise in the form of trade restriction, employment, tariffs and political stability. Hence, Reckitt Benckisers business can be influenced by the fast growing consumer goods. Economical Factors. This relates to the nature of the economic system in the particular country. Capital market is the key factor to be considered. Social Factors. The environment relates to the value system of society determined by its nation. Social factors consist of the costs, customs, structures, heritage, wealth and income as well as the labour mobility. Therefore, the nature of goods to be produced depends upon the demand of the people. A code of conduct is needed to be followed in the business. Technological Factors. This is a major factor that influence on business. Technology determines the quality of goods to be produced. It can also affects in terms of investment Since there are many factors that effects the business both internally and externally, therefore, it is essential for a company to continue cope with the market challenges by innovating new brand and products. SWOT factors. Strength. The Strength of the branded products are; (e.g. of Clearasil, Strepsils, Kit Kat, Bonjela), Clearasil is good for all skin types, it is a unique face wash designed to combat bacteria. Strepsils is a best treatment to help prevent sore throat, this product is without any side effects. Kit Kat chocolate is famous amongst all, and usually targets to children. Bonjela is best to prevent mouth ulcers and comes in different flavours that attract all. Also there is one suitable for babys teething problems. Weakness. Sometimes these products are not perceived as an everyday use. Some people might not like taste or smell. Shape not user-friendly. Opportunity and threats. According to RBs competitive analysis, there is a wide range of opportunities which will help the new products capitalize a greater market share. The products ability to gain real consumer insight and to develop products and variants according to the consumers needs. These opportunities are focused by professionals of sales and marketing, research, development, supply chain and the experts of information services and human resources. The threat to RB is that the other main players in the antibacterial category have positioned their brands for everyday use against bacteria. Pricing and other competitive strategies have also been taken over by the development of information technology. The pricing strategy of the consumer goods manufacturing company can affect the supply and demand of products. Justification. Reckitt Benckiser is moving fast in a challenging working culture. The company has intentions to go global. RB is focusing on innovation in order to compete with the local market. As UK is recovering from economical crises, there is a good opportunity for Reckitt Benckiser to expand its business into an International Market to raise its profits. Marketing strategy. RBs Market Penetration tells about the existing markets and existing products. That means the company sells the existing products to its existing customers. Market development tells about the new market and existing products. That means RB markets its existing product range in a new market. Product development tells about the existing markets and new products. This means a new product to be marketed to RBs existing customers. Business Diversification tell about the new markets and new products. This is where RB market completely new products to new customers. RBs strategy is to obtain a highly focused portfolio concentrating on its 19 most profitable brands. The marketing stragety of RB is; Competition: RB is consistently focusing to deliver the fast growth in the sector. Expansion: This is RBs consistent and highly successful strategy. The company focuses on markets with its growth potential. For example, by investing in the relatively new Automatic Dishwashing category rather than in the congested Laundry Detergent category. Instead of investing in generic households products the company also focuses in the fast growth demand of skincare. Market analysis in general. In generally, the market analysis for the chain of RBs products is: Location which include all Suburban, urban, small, big and developing countries. Demographics. All male, female, children, old aged from birth to lifetime. All people who care for their well being and household. Market entry strategy. There are various strategies to enter into a new market. For example; by growing trading blocks, Counter trading, Piggy backing and Barter. Counter trading: In this method, a person agrees to buy goods on a commitment that the seller also buys his products in return of time, finance or balance of compensation of products. Barter: In this method direct exchange of goods is occurred for another. Piggy backing: In this method, the organisation with less exporting skill uses the services of the skilled exporter. For example: The fertilizer manufacturers of Zimbabwe could piggyback with the South Africa who both import potassium from outside their countries. Methods for new market entry (based on mission and philosophy of the company). The methods to enter into a new market are as followed; Partnership/ Joint Venture, In joint venture two or more investors share ownership and control over a firm operations. The advantages of Joint ventures are; Foreign partner has the vast knowledge about the market in his country. Joint financial strength is established between the partners. They also have disadvantages: Partners may not sometime negotiate. The recovery of capital can become impossible. To license, Licensing is the method of foreign operation where a firm in one country agrees to permit a company in another country to use the manufacturing and processing provided by the licensor. For example: United Bottlers in Zimbabwe have the licence to make Coke. The licensing cost is signing the agreement and policing the implementation. The disadvantages are: There is a limited form of participation e.g. in length of agreement or specific product manufacturing. Direct/Indirect investment. Direct investment includes- Government, distributors and agents. The advantage of direct investment is that it is the direct means of entry. And also it is the source of supply for the third country. The disadvantages are that the partners may lack the management skills. Also there could be different views of opinions amongst the partners. Indirect investment includes- Counter trade, export management or a trading company. By indirect investment, the investor is not directly associated with the profit and loss of the firm on which the money is usually spent. Brief profile of chosen market. Peru: Peru is known as a private sector market based driven economy, in which government expenditure including consumption and transfer payments are low. The market oriented reforms and privatizations are carried out during 1990s and in 2001 the country has promoted trade and investment. Since 1993, the foreign investors have been allowed for investment in all economic sectors. Finance, supportive government regulation and market opportunities are available in Peru. Alternative entry method. The alternative method to enter into foreign market is by expansion of product line or geographically. More the product line or the geographic area is expanded the greater is the managerial complexity. But usually this process requires high margins of investment. And can become risky due to lack of knowledge of the new market. Another way is of exporting. Exporting manufacturing goods is less risky and gives opportunity to get to know about the foreign markets. Also reduces the potential risks of operations. The disadvantage is mainly that buyers in the desired foreign country are usually very careful as they perceive transport, currency, quality and quantity problems. Exporting and Why I have chosen this entry method? I have chosen export method because it is relatively low of cost to enter international market. The organization can also build economies of scale and expand its profits. Implementation on carrying out the project. The project is implemented by considering 4Ps, 1.Product. Selling chain of 19 branded products of Reckitt Benckiser. Consisting household, health and personal care and food. Product mix. The 5 products that are ideal for product mix for consumer needs are: Clearasil, Dettol, Fairy, Gaviscon and Mortein. Product Life Cycle. The products to be export are the rapidly growing consumer products. Therefore their average life cycle is 30 days to 2 years. 2. Positioning. Reckit Benckiser has intentions to position against its competitor. In relation to product attribute. The primary positioning of the products for example Clearasil is that it is the no.1 antibacterial face wash suitable for family. It has the ingredients that its competitors do not have. 3. Pricing. The products are priced at premium to its competitors. There will be discount and allowances for the employees. The shipping cost is also to be considered. 4. Promotion / Distribution. The company should sell the products to the appointed distributors and sub distributors who are responsible for further to deal with the wholesalers or retailers in the chosen country. But it is also known that RB has a facility of intensive distribution methods for products all over the geographical area. The company provides direct delivery to key accounts i.e. USC, METRO AND MAKRO. Each channel has a coverage to supermarkets, general stores etc even in the rural areas. Marketing budget of the company. The current marketing budget of RB allocated to the brand selling is 20% of total net revenue. Gantt Chart. GANTT CHART BY AMAL KHAN. EXPORTING RECKITT BENCKISER PRODUCTS IN PERU. Task Date Date Date Date Date Date Date 15/10/2010 17/10/2010 18/10/2010 21/10/2010 27/10/2010 16/11/2010 17/11/2010 Planning Market- Research. Manufact- uring prod- ucts. Finding establish- ing links in foreign. Negotiation. Packaging. Distribution Transp- ortation.

Editing The Internet :: Cyberspace Children Essays

Editing The Internet Now a days it is common for there to be computers in every classroom. Some people consider this to be beneficial and others believe it to be detrimental. Having access to the internet is great for research and exploration the problem is that it is not always safe for children. This topic is not only important for teachers but for parents also since many children have internet access at home. I say that the internet is not always safe because students may accidentally stumble upon sites which contain pornography, violence, weapons, and other subjects that are inappropriate for them. I don't work on computers that much so I wasn't aware of how easy it is for a person to open a site that contains nudity or violent activity. I always thought that the only way a person could get to a pornographic site was by paying to see it. Unfortunately this is not the case. I realized this because at the school where I work there have been cases where girls type in "Barbie" to find information about the Mattel "Barbie" and they end up getting to a pornography site. We also had one boy who was doing research on the white house and when he typed in the words white house it was another pornography site. It happens far too many times that children innocently type in a few words like Spice Girls to find out information about a music group and end up at an obscene internet site. I as a teacher and mother want to find a way to prevent my students from getting into the inappropriate sites while at the same time letting them explore the internet for whatever topic they may be researching . There must be some way in which we, the teachers, administration, and parents can filter out the inappropriate sites from the appropriate ones. Some teachers I work with have come up with their own solutions in regards to keeping the students away from improper sites. One teacher bookmarks all the sites he allows his students to get into. So when the students get on the computer they can only open up those sites. This may be one solution but I believe that it limits the children. Like I mentioned earlier, I'd like to find a way in which they can search however many sites they like without getting into anything bad. Editing The Internet :: Cyberspace Children Essays Editing The Internet Now a days it is common for there to be computers in every classroom. Some people consider this to be beneficial and others believe it to be detrimental. Having access to the internet is great for research and exploration the problem is that it is not always safe for children. This topic is not only important for teachers but for parents also since many children have internet access at home. I say that the internet is not always safe because students may accidentally stumble upon sites which contain pornography, violence, weapons, and other subjects that are inappropriate for them. I don't work on computers that much so I wasn't aware of how easy it is for a person to open a site that contains nudity or violent activity. I always thought that the only way a person could get to a pornographic site was by paying to see it. Unfortunately this is not the case. I realized this because at the school where I work there have been cases where girls type in "Barbie" to find information about the Mattel "Barbie" and they end up getting to a pornography site. We also had one boy who was doing research on the white house and when he typed in the words white house it was another pornography site. It happens far too many times that children innocently type in a few words like Spice Girls to find out information about a music group and end up at an obscene internet site. I as a teacher and mother want to find a way to prevent my students from getting into the inappropriate sites while at the same time letting them explore the internet for whatever topic they may be researching . There must be some way in which we, the teachers, administration, and parents can filter out the inappropriate sites from the appropriate ones. Some teachers I work with have come up with their own solutions in regards to keeping the students away from improper sites. One teacher bookmarks all the sites he allows his students to get into. So when the students get on the computer they can only open up those sites. This may be one solution but I believe that it limits the children. Like I mentioned earlier, I'd like to find a way in which they can search however many sites they like without getting into anything bad.

Brandon Berry Essay

Love is not just â€Å"I like him/her, marry each other, and then lives together. † The ancient Greeks broke down love into four types: I will attempt to distinguish the differences between these four types of love. The first type of love I am going to discuss is Eros, known as â€Å"earthly or sexual love† (2005). Eros is known as the â€Å"erotic† love, or romantic love. It is the love felt between two people that are â€Å"in love† with each other. The second kind of love is Philia, a â€Å"love of the specified thing† (2001). An easy way to remember this is to think of the word â€Å"Philadelphia†, which is known as the city of brotherly love. It is not sexual in nature. This type of love, however, can be lost due to time, distance, and something as simple as disagreement. It consists of loyalty to your friends, family, and community. Friendship is the basis of any successful relationship, whether it is marriage, a boyfriend/girlfriend, or a relationship with a co-worker. Because Philia love is mutual, it is separated from Eros. The third type of love is Storge love. This love â€Å"is demonstrated when people use expression describing something they enjoy doing or seeing† (2009). Examples of this type of love would be a love one has for work, reading, sleeping, ice cream, etc. Agape means â€Å"love† in modern day Greek. This is a â€Å"selfless love† (2009). â€Å"The Christian church identifies Christian love with agape, and includes charity, tolerance, and respect within the term. † (2009). Agape is the most spiritual type of love and is a sacrificial love in which nothing is returned. Love is an essential element to human life. â€Å"What is love? † Undoubtedly, this is a question that has been asked countless times, and answered in countless ways. I believe each person has their own individual idea about love and its nature; the power and pain, unconditional and true. References Eros. (2005). In The Macquarie Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. library. capella. edu/entry/macqdict/eros Love. (2009). In The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather guide. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. library. capella. edu/entry/heliconhe/love Philia (2001). In Chambers 21st Century Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. library. capella. edu/entry/chambdict/philia

Discuss the extent to which you think that goals are determined by the overarching culture of a society as opposed to smaller social groups or subcultures

Discuss the extent to which you think that goals are determined by the overarching culture of a society as opposed to smaller social groups or subcultures Pascal Cisangani 23023554 / 23345853 Danai MuswaziDiscuss the extent to which you think that goals are determined by the overarching culture of a society as opposed to smaller social groups or subculturesDefinition of key termersCulture and subcultureA culture is made up of beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics that members of a specific group or society have in common. Through this, individuals and groups define themselves, conform to society's shared values, and contribute to society. Hence, culture does contains many social characteristics, among them are language, customs, values, norms, rules, tools, technologies, products, organizations, and institutions (Finnemore, 1996:326). However some common institutions include but not limited to family, education, religion, work, and health careA subculture can be defined as a group of people holding a particular culture (that could be visible or hidden) which differentiates them from the larger culture from which they d o belong.JARMILA GROTHFor instance, in case where a subculture is characterized by some element of opposition to the main or governing culture, it may be described as counterculture (Finnemore, 1996:326).SocietySociety can be defined a group of people who interact in such a way as to share the same culture (Isajiw, 2006:265).GoalsA goal can be defined as a result or an achievement toward which efforts were focused. People have certain goals that they may want to achieve in life. These goals might include but not limited to getting married, Education, employment, a house, means of transportation and so on (Settergren, 2003). The question is to know where these goals come from. Do individuals set them up? If so, based on which criteria's? How do people know what is best for them? Or are people obliged to attain certain goals?Structural functionalismStructural functionalism is a method of viewing society...